This summer, like so many now before it, has brought deadly heat across much of the world. And with the rising heat and climate instability comes compounding dangers for all those who must work outdoors, including farmworkers.

Not only does this represent a systemic human rights crisis for outdoor workers, but it is a crisis that is largely preventable.

The CIW and its partners within the FFP, recognizing the need to implement heat stress standards on as many farms as possible, forged a set of heat stress protections within the Fair Food Program that safeguard workers against the worst effects of heat by mandating shade, water, electrolytes, and regular rest breaks, providing training on heat stress symptoms, and empowering workers to stop work and to request immediate medical treatment if requested. By collaborating with participating growers in the FFP, these protections were swiftly agreed upon and implemented in 2021.

Now, after three years of proven success, these heat protections serve as a living, breathing case study as to how the Worker-driven Social Responsibility (WSR) model can quickly respond to shifts in living and working conditions, and is saving the lives of farmworkers across the US and beyond. 

And as the FFP quickly expands, its transformative power is receiving national attention from outlets including the Thomson Reuters Foundation and Univision, which we are excited to share below. And last but not least, be sure to check out The Packer’s coverage of our expansion! First up is the Thomson Reuters Foundation: 

Farmworkers in the US cultivate their own heat safety standards

The Fair Food Program works to boost farmworker safety by appealing directly to major brands and consumers

• Fair Food Program seeks alternative to slow regulations
• Agreements with Walmart, Whole Foods and McDonald’s
• Active in 10 states, but that set to double

WASHINGTON – Heat records have repeatedly been toppled in recent weeks, just when farms in some of the hottest parts of United States are at their busiest.

That has Lupe Gonzalo worried.

“A lot of places in the field, you don’t have access to shade, to clean and fresh drinking water,” said Gonzalo, a senior staff member with the non-profit Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW), who works with farmworkers across several southern states.

For years Gonzalo picked tomatoes, berries, sweet potatoes and other produce, and the heat was always an issue. But her concerns are mounting.

“It’s getting hotter and hotter as climate change continues, and it will continue to be an issue for workers,” Gonzalo, 43, told Context.

“We’ve already seen far too many people become ill and even lose their lives. So this is truly an urgent issue,” she said.

While regulations to protect agricultural workers from the heat have been held up by political wrangling, Gonzalo and her colleagues have spearheaded an alternate strategy.

They seek to sidestep the slow and increasingly politicised government machinery and instead appeal directly to consumers and large brands.

Gonzalo and others in the CIW set up the Fair Food Program to strike deals directly with large companies.

The companies pledge to pay fair wages, eliminate sexual harassment and other issues – including increasingly stringent heat protections – in return for Fair Food Program certification for their products.

The heat-related measures include providing shade, having required breaks, training for workers and supervisors, electrolyte-infused water, and the ability to seek care without fear of retaliation.

‘Sourced for good’

The programme currently covers tens of thousands of workers in 10 states, through agreements with companies such as Walmart, McDonald’s, Subway and others.

The group also works with farmworkers in Chile and South Africa, and is seeking to expand to other countries.

At national grocery store Whole Foods, for instance, consumers can purchase Fair Food Program-certified sweet potatoes and cut flowers labelled as “Sourced for Good”.

Now the programme’s reach is about to expand significantly, after the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) highlighted its approach for special acknowledgement under a new programme aimed at addressing human rights and worker retention on farms.

Last month, the first-ever pilot awards were made under the programme, which the Fair Food Program said would see it expand to 13 new states, nearly doubling the number of farms covered.

Tomato grower Jon Esformes, whose company received one of the awards, has implemented the Fair Food Program guidelines on his operations across the United States and Mexico, though the CIW is not present in the latter country.

He said he took the steps after sitting down for the first time to simply talk with CIW leaders about their concerns.

“I found very quickly a group of people that were interested in the same things I was interested in,” he said. “We want to provide a safe and fair workplace, we want to have transparency, we need our workers to feel like it is their farm.”

Protection decades overdue

The U.S. government has dragged its feet on worker heat protections for decades, said Juanita Constible, a senior advocate with the heat solutions programme at the Natural Resources Defense Council.

About 51 million U.S. workers are at high risk to heat, with less than a fifth of those covered by standards, the think tank has found.

The federal government is only now updating 1970s rules, last week releasing a proposal that would offer heat protections for indoor and outdoor workers, including requiring employers to provide workers with water and shaded or air-conditioned areas above certain temperatures.

Still, a final rule could take years, with recent moves by the Supreme Court potentially further threatening such efforts.

While business associations said they were still reviewing the new proposal, farming and construction lobby groups have criticised early steps in the new process, warning of burdens to businesses.

Yet, Constible said, “the research has kept piling up that heat is not only potentially deadly to workers, but also drastically affects their productivity – billions of work hours lost in the U.S. and around the world because it’s too darn hot.”

The probability of work-related accidents rises by nearly 6% when temperatures pass 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius), according to research from the Workers Compensation Research Institute published in May.

In the absence of federal action, five states have passed their own laws with a sixth on the horizon, though these vary significantly in scope.

Cities have also taken proactive steps, including in June in Tucson, Arizona, but such efforts have run into political resistance, with new local rules in Florida and Texas halted by state officials.

Constible worries such politicisation could continue, which she says underscores the importance of the Fair Food Program’s strategy of appealing to brands and consumers.

“I’m a huge fan. I think it’s been amazingly significant for those workers,” she said.

Farms that can ensure workers feel safe and have access to the tools to keep them healthy have found it easier to entice prospective workers, a UDSA spokesperson said.

That is what Esformes, the CEO of Pacific Tomato Growers, has found amid recent worker shortages.

“When the rest of North America was reeling with lack of workers, we did not have enough jobs for the people who wanted to work for us. And the reason is we’ve created a workplace-of-choice environment,” said Esformes, 61.

He said May saw the hottest temperatures ever recorded in parts of Florida, just as farms were in full harvest, but that Fair Food Program heat guidelines were in operation for the nearly 3,500 workers on the company’s 15,000 acres (6,070 hectares).

“There’s definitely a cost associated with it. Electrolyte powder is not cheap; breaks aren’t cheap,” Esformes said. “But you know what also is not cheap? People getting sick and people feeling like they’re not safe.”

Around the same time the Thomson Reuters Foundation profile of the FFP was being reprinted across the country, Univision’s feature of the FFP was hitting the Spanish-language airwaves. A news team from Aqui y Ahora, one of Univision’s flagship news programs, visited an FFP farm and documented the life-saving heat stress protections guaranteed by the Program, and highlighted the urgent need to expand the FFP as far and wide as possible. 

This model program protects workers from heat: the goal is for it to be implemented throughout the country

 

To support the much-needed expansion of the FFP, the US Department of Agriculture recently provided over $15 million in grants to farms that commit to the Program. This exciting news was picked up by the agricultural industry press. The Packer, one of the agricultural industry’s leading trade publications, spread the word about the FFP in a news release:

 

Fair Food Program growers receive over $15M in USDA grants

As part of a recently announced $50 million USDA grant, the Fair Food Program says 27 new farms have joined the program, which now spans 23 states…

“The USDA’s FLSP financial incentives are intended to support for growers who to commit to the Fair Food Program, and take measures to improve farmworkers’ wages and working conditions,” Fair Food Program said in a statement.

The program said the USDA recognized it as having the highest level of rights protection in U.S. agriculture. USDA also said participation in worker-driven social responsibility programs is a proven model for improving workplace environments.

“As farmworkers face the ongoing threats of climate change, wage theft, harassment, and exploitation, it is a matter of national importance to expand the FFP to every corner of the agricultural industry, in order to guarantee farmworkers can harvest with dignity,” said Mike Rios, executive director of the Fair Food Standards Council, the independent monitoring body that oversees and implements the Fair Food Program. “As this announcement from the USDA shows, the Fair Food Program is leading the way for forging best practices in agriculture, which in turn helps inform government policy.”